Bearing is a vital part in the production activities of modern machinery. If it fails to operate according to the requirements in the process of assembly, test and use, it is likely that the bearing cage will break, or completely fall apart, or even more serious faults.

The most common reason is rough handling (percussion) during bearing installation or disassembly. Direct impact of hammer and chisel on the bearing ring may cause small cracks, and when the bearing is put into use, the fragments of the ring will break.

Large spherical roller bearings with cracked inner rings. Stop during operation, take out a roller to check the bearing raceway (lower row). The roller is then “hammered” back into place, causing part of the inner ring flange to break. The impact was transmitted through a roller in the other row, and part of the outer flange also broke. In the meantime, the seal has broken.

Interference fit Too much interference fit on the conical seat or sleeve is another cause of inner ring cracking. Tensile stress (hoop stress), as a result of surplus, produces the inner ring, produces cracks when the bearing is put into operation. (Martensitic hardening rings are more sensitive to this than bainite). The same result can occur when the bearing is heated and then installed on the shaft to create the wrong (oversized) tolerance.

Two examples of forced fracture are caused by stress concentration that exceeds the tensile strength of the material due to local overload or overstress.

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